Which major global biogeographic realm encompasses the Indian subcontinent, including the Himalayan ecosystems of Arunachal Pradesh, characterized by Oriental fauna such as elephants, gibbons, and rhinos?

💡 Solution & Explanation

The Indomalayan (or Oriental) biogeographic realm covers South and Southeast Asia, including the tropical and temperate zones of India, where unique fauna like gibbons and Asian elephants thrive. The Palearctic covers northern Eurasia, the Ethiopian covers Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Nearctic covers North America. Biogeographic realms provide the structural framework for studying global animal and plant distributions.