Which cellular organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it generates most of the chemical energy needed for biochemical reactions through aerobic respiration?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Mitochondria contain folded inner membranes called cristae where oxidative phosphorylation occurs to synthesize adenosine triphosphate molecules. Ribosomes synthesize proteins, the Golgi apparatus packages macromolecules, and the endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids and membrane proteins. Mitochondria possess their own circular DNA independent of nuclear chromosomes.