History • Modern IndiaHard
Analyze the sequence and historical significance of the major commissions and committees appointed to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919: 1. The British colonial government appointed the Disorders Inquiry Committee, headed by Lord Hunter, which censured General Dyer's actions without imposing severe criminal penalties. 2. The Indian National Congress established its own independent inquiry committee, which included Mahatma Gandhi, Motilal Nehru, and C.R. Das, producing a scathing indictment of military brutality. 3. The Hunter Commission recommended immediate capital punishment for General Dyer and the total dismantling of the Punjab provincial government. Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only✓ Correct Answer
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
💡 Solution & Explanation
The Hunter Committee did not recommend capital punishment for General Dyer; instead, it merely censured his error of judgment and led to his retirement, making statement three incorrect. The Congress inquiry committee compiled exhaustive testimonies documenting the indiscriminate firing on unarmed civilians gathered at Jallianwala Bagh. Public outrage over the official whitewash galvanized Mahatma Gandhi to launch the Non-Cooperation Movement. The tragedy marked a permanent turning point in Indian nationalism.
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