Consider the following statements regarding the structural evolution of plate boundaries: 1. Transform faults are characterized by conservative plate margins where lithosphere is neither created nor destroyed, exemplified by the San Andreas Fault. 2. Benioff zones delineate dipping planes of earthquake foci associated with subduction at convergent margins, extending deep into the mantle. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Both statements are correct. Transform faults represent conservative plate boundaries where tectonic plates slide past one another horizontally, conserving lithospheric mass. Benioff zones identify seismic zones dipping downward at subduction boundaries, marking the path of descending oceanic slabs as they interact with surrounding mantle material. These zones provide conclusive evidence for subduction mechanics in plate tectonic theory.