In the context of Sangam literature, the term 'Muvendar' refers to the three prominent ruling dynasties of the ancient Tamil country. They were:

💡 Solution & Explanation

Sangam literature mentions the Muvendar, representing the three ancient ruling dynasties of Tamilakam: the Cheras, the Cholas, and the Pandyas. These crowns dominated southern peninsular trade, culture, and political landscapes during the early centuries of the common era. Each dynasty patronized extensive poetry assemblies and maintained flourishing maritime ports facilitating overseas commerce with Roman and Southeast Asian merchants.