Geography • Indian GeographyHard
Analyze the spatial distribution of thermal power plants and coal fields in India: Why are pit-head thermal power stations generally preferred over load-center power plants in terms of raw material logistics and transportation economics?
A. Pit-head plants eliminate the need for massive high-voltage transmission grid lines across agricultural lands
B. Transporting bulk low-grade coal over long railway distances incurs higher freight costs than transmitting electrical energy✓ Correct Answer
C. Water availability from perennial rivers is exclusively restricted to coal-mining zones
D. Environmental regulations strictly prohibit the establishment of coal-fired boilers outside mining lease boundaries
💡 Solution & Explanation
Pit-head thermal power plants are constructed directly adjacent to coal mines to minimize the prohibitive railway freight costs associated with hauling millions of tonnes of bulky, low-grade thermal coal across long distances. High-voltage alternating current transmission lines suffer energy loss over distance, but electrical transmission remains economically superior to transporting raw mineral waste and ballast. Coal logistics form a major component of national freight movement.
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