General Science • PhysicsHard
In the context of alternating current circuits containing an inductor, a capacitor, and a resistor connected in series, what condition defines electrical resonance?
A. The inductive reactance equals the capacitive reactance, making the total impedance equal to the pure ohmic resistance and current maximum.✓ Correct Answer
B. The resistance of the circuit drops to zero, causing infinite current flow without any voltage drop.
C. The phase angle between voltage and current is exactly 90 degrees leading.
D. The capacitive reactance exceeds inductive reactance, causing maximum power dissipation across the capacitor.
💡 Solution & Explanation
Electrical resonance in an RLC series circuit occurs when the frequency of the alternating source makes inductive reactance equal to capacitive reactance, canceling each other out. At this resonant frequency, circuit impedance reaches its minimum value, equaling the pure resistance, which maximizes current flow and makes the voltage and current completely in phase. Tuning circuits in radio receivers rely on this principle to select specific broadcast frequencies.
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