History • Ancient IndiaHard
In the context of the socio-economic administration under the Imperial Cholas, what specific responsibilities were assigned to the committee of village elders known as 'Variyam'?
A. Adjudication of criminal offences and imposition of capital punishment
B. Management of village endowments, garden lands, irrigation tanks, and annual tax assessments✓ Correct Answer
C. Recruitment of soldiers for imperial overseas naval expeditions
D. Supervision of foreign merchant guilds operating in coastal emporiums
💡 Solution & Explanation
The village administration under the Cholas operated through specialized committees called Variyams, such as Eri-variyam for tank supervision and Totta-variyam for garden maintenance. Members were selected through a sophisticated ballot system known as Kudavolai, ensuring transparent civic participation. These local assemblies enjoyed substantial autonomy in managing agrarian resources.
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