Examine the doctrine of Public Interest Litigation in Indian judicial history: Which pioneering Supreme Court judge expanded judicial access in the early 1980s by relaxing the traditional rule of locus standi, enabling representative social action litigation?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Justice P.N. Bhagwati played a transformative role in developing Public Interest Litigation in India during the early 1980s, enabling public-spirited individuals to approach courts on behalf of marginalized groups whose rights were violated. Justice H.J. Kania was the first Chief Justice of independent India. Article 32 and 226 formed the constitutional bedrock for these judicial innovations.