Geography • World GeographyHard
Analyze the tectonic genesis and structural evolution of the East African Rift System: Assertion (A): The East African Rift is an active continental rift zone where tectonic forces are pulling the African Plate apart into two smaller plates known as the Nubian and Somali plates. Reason (R): This extensional tectonic regime is driven by upwelling mantle plumes that thin the lithosphere, producing volcanism, fault-bounded grabens, and deep freshwater lakes. Which of the following is correct?
A. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).✓ Correct Answer
B. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are correct, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
C. Assertion (A) is correct, but Reason (R) is incorrect.
D. Assertion (A) is incorrect, but Reason (R) is correct.
💡 Solution & Explanation
The East African Rift Valley represents a classic divergent plate boundary within a continental landmass, where mantle plume dynamics cause crustal doming, extensional faulting, and volcanism, eventually destined to form a new ocean basin over geological epochs. Incorrect options would mistakenly attribute the rift to compressional mountain building or transform faulting. Famous geological features along this system include Mount Kilimanjaro and Lake Tanganyika.
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