Which international environmental treaty, adopted in 1971, provides the global intergovernmental framework for the conservation and wise use of wetlands of international importance, protecting fragile backwater habitats such as Vembanad-Kol and Ashtamudi in Kerala?

💡 Solution & Explanation

The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands is an international treaty signed in Ramsar, Iran, aimed at conserving critical wetland habitats that support waterfowl and maintain hydrological balance. Kyoto Protocol addresses greenhouse gas emissions, Montreal Protocol targets ozone-depleting substances, and CITES regulates international wildlife trade. Wetland conservation is vital for sustaining migratory bird flyways and local fisheries.