Evaluate the hydrological and ecological features of Odisha's coastal wetlands: Statement I: Chilika Lake is a shallow coastal lagoon connected to the Bay of Bengal by a shifting outer channel, experiencing significant salinity fluctuations between seasons. Statement II: Bhitarkanika Mangroves constitute a rich deltaic wetland formed by the Brahmani and Baitarani river systems, renowned for hosting saltwater crocodiles and diverse mangrove flora. Which of the following is correct?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Both statements correctly highlight the vital ecological and hydrological characteristics of Odisha's premier wetland ecosystems. Chilika Lake functions as a brackish water lagoon where marine influx during high tides balances freshwater inflows from Mahanadi distributaries, creating a productive nursery for aquatic life. Bhitarkanika forms an intricate network of tidal creeks and mudflats supplied by the Brahmani and Baitarani rivers, providing crucial sanctuary for estuarine fauna. These coastal habitats are protected under international Ramsar conventions.