Which of the following describes the working mechanism of a transformer?

💡 Solution & Explanation

A transformer operates on the fundamental principle of mutual induction, where a changing magnetic flux in the primary coil induces an electromotive force in the secondary coil. Self induction involves a single coil opposing changes in its own current, while eddy currents represent unwanted circulating loops of electrical current induced within metallic conductors. Because of mutual induction, transformers can efficiently step up or step down alternating voltages in electrical power transmission networks. Direct current cannot be utilized by standard transformers since it fails to produce a changing magnetic flux.