Which of the following blood group systems involves antigens present on red blood cells that are determined by the Rh factor, specifically the D antigen?

💡 Solution & Explanation

The Rhesus blood group system is the second most important blood group system in human blood transfusion, with the D antigen being the most immunogenic and clinically significant determinant of Rh positive or negative status. Other systems like ABO rely on carbohydrate antigens A and B rather than transmembrane proteins such as RhD. Duffy and Lutheran systems involve different sets of erythrocyte membrane glycoproteins associated with malaria resistance and distinct genetic loci. Routine blood typing tests specifically target the presence of anti-D antibodies to determine Rh compatibility.