General Science • PhysicsHard
In a nuclear reactor, what is the primary function of graphite rods used as moderators?
A. To absorb excess neutrons and shut down the fission reaction entirely
B. To slow down fast-moving fission neutrons to thermal energies✓ Correct Answer
C. To remove thermal energy from the reactor core efficiently
D. To shield operating personnel from hazardous gamma radiation
💡 Solution & Explanation
Graphite acts as a moderator in thermal nuclear reactors by slowing down high-energy neutrons produced during fission through elastic collisions without absorbing them excessively. Thermalized neutrons have a much higher probability of causing fission in uranium-235 nuclei compared to fast neutrons. Control rods made of boron or cadmium are used for absorption and regulation, while coolants remove heat.
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