Consider the following statements regarding the Government of India Act of 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms): 1. It introduced the system of dyarchy in the provincial executive, dividing subjects into 'transferred' and 'reserved' categories. 2. It established a bicameral legislature at the center for the first time, consisting of the Council of State and the Legislative Assembly.

💡 Solution & Explanation

Both statements are correct; the 1919 Act introduced provincial dyarchy where ministers handled transferred subjects while governors managed reserved portfolios, and created a central bicameral parliament. The Act also extended separate electorates to Sikhs, Anglo-Indians, and Europeans. These constitutional changes were reviewed by subsequent statutory commissions leading up to the 1935 Act.