Which Constitutional Amendment Act constitutionally recognized cooperatives by adding Part IX-B and amending Article 19(1)(c)?

💡 Solution & Explanation

The 97th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011 accorded constitutional status and protection to cooperative societies in India by inserting Part IX-B and amending Article 19 to grant citizens the fundamental right to form cooperatives. This measure aimed to promote democratic functioning and professional management in cooperative institutions nationwide. Judicial reviews subsequently scrutinized aspects of this amendment regarding state legislative powers, making it an important landmark in Indian polity.