History • Modern IndiaMedium

Consider the following statements regarding the Indian National Congress during its early phase: 1. The Indian National Congress was founded in December 1885 in Bombay, with Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee presiding over its first session. 2. The early nationalist leaders, known as Moderates, relied on petitions, prayers, and public meetings to articulate their demands for administrative and legislative reforms. 3. The Moderates successfully demanded the immediate and complete termination of British colonial rule through armed rebellion in their initial resolutions. Which of the statements given above are correct?

A. 1 and 2 only✓ Correct Answer

B. 2 and 3 only

C. 1 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

💡 Solution & Explanation

Statements 1 and 2 are correct because the Congress convened in 1885 under W.C. Bonnerjee and the Moderates pursued constitutional agitation through petitions and parliamentary lobbying. Statement 3 is incorrect because the early leaders did not advocate armed overthrow or immediate independence, instead focusing on gradual political reforms, expansion of legislative councils, and reduction of military expenditure. Their economic critique highlighted how British policies drained India's wealth through unrequited exports and administrative costs.

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