The concept of 'Procedure Established by Law' in Article 21 of the Indian Constitution was adopted from the constitutional traditions of which nation?

💡 Solution & Explanation

The expression 'Procedure Established by Law' used in Article 21 was borrowed from the Constitution of Japan. It implies that a law duly enacted by the legislature is valid as long as the prescribed procedure has been correctly followed, unlike 'Due Process of Law' which evaluates the fairness of the law itself.