History • Medieval IndiaMedium
Consider the following statements regarding the socio-religious movement in medieval Tamil Nadu: 1. The Bhakti movement was spearheaded by Shaivite Nayanmars and Vaishnavite Alwars who composed vernacular devotional poetry. 2. The Nayanmars compiled their hymns into the sacred anthologies known as Tirumurai. 3. The Alwars expressed their emotional devotion through hymns later compiled into the Naalayira Divya Prabandham. Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3✓ Correct Answer
💡 Solution & Explanation
The medieval Bhakti movement in Tamil Nadu revolutionized religious expression by employing vernacular Tamil instead of Sanskrit. The sixty-three Nayanmars composed Shaivite hymns compiled into the Tirumurai largely by Nambi Andar Nambi, while the twelve Alwars produced Vaishnavite compositions compiled by Nathamuni as the Divya Prabandham. This movement challenged rigid social hierarchies through ecstatic devotion.
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