The Mamankam festival, a grand decennial assembly and trading fair held on the banks of the Bharathappuzha at Tirunavaya, was traditionally organized and patronized under the supreme authority of:

💡 Solution & Explanation

The Mamankam festival was a grand traditional assembly held once every twelve years on the banks of the Bharathappuzha river at Tirunavaya under the supreme patronage of the Zamorin of Calicut. Rivals such as the rulers of Valluvanad sent suicide squads known as Chaver warriors to challenge this sovereignty, creating a tense political and ritual spectacle. This festival highlights the complex feudal politics and ceremonial authority structures prevalent in medieval Kerala history.