Examine the administrative and fiscal evolution under the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire: 1. The Iqta system was fundamentally a territorial assignment of revenue collection rights rather than a grant of hereditary ownership over land. 2. Sher Shah Suri introduced the standardized silver coin called Rupiya and reorganized land revenue assessment based on measurement of cultivated land using the Shahi gaz. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Statement 1 is correct because the Iqta system under the Sultanate granted officials the right to collect revenue from specific tracts of land to maintain troops, remaining strictly non-hereditary. Statement 2 is correct because Sher Shah Suri standardized coinage with the Rupiya weighing 178 grains and instituted land measurement practices that Akbar later refined into his Zabt system. These administrative reforms laid enduring foundations for agrarian taxation across northern India.