Consider the following statements regarding the Gurdwara Reform Movement (1920-1925): 1. The Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC) was established in December 1920 to manage Sikh historical shrines. 2. The historic Guru Ka Bagh Morcha and Babbar Akali trials were key episodes associated with this struggle. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

💡 Solution & Explanation

The Gurdwara Reform Movement was a massive mass agitation in Punjab aimed at liberating historical Gurdwaras from hereditary corrupt mahants backed by the British administration leading to the formation of the SGPC in 1920 and the enactment of the Sikh Gurdwaras Act in 1925. Peaceful agitations like the Guru Ka Bagh Morcha demonstrated exemplary non-violent resistance against colonial police brutality. This movement significantly strengthened national political consciousness in Punjab.