Geography • Indian GeographyHard
Examine the structural geomorphology and transport significance of the Palakkad Gap (Palghat Gap) in the Western Ghats. Statement I: The Palakkad Gap is a low-mountain pass approximately 30 kilometers wide that breaches the continuous chain of the Western Ghats, connecting Kerala with Tamil Nadu. Statement II: The gap was formed primarily by crustal block faulting and erosional action of the Bharathappuzha river system, facilitating significant climatic, biotic, and economic exchange between the two states. Which of the following is correct?
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II explains the origin and significance of the gap✓ Correct Answer
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is unrelated to Statement I
C. Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct
💡 Solution & Explanation
The Palakkad Gap is a major tectonic break in the Western Ghats separating the Nilgiri Hills to the north from the Anaimalai Hills to the south. Formed through ancient faulting and tectonic adjustments, it lowers the mountain barrier to an elevation of around 140 meters, allowing southwest monsoon winds to penetrate into Tamil Nadu and enabling rail and road connectivity between Palakkad and Coimbatore. It also serves as a major biogeographic transition zone for flora and fauna.
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