Which scientist discovered the phenomenon of superconductivity in 1911 by observing that the electrical resistance of mercury drops strictly to zero below 4.2 Kelvin?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovered superconductivity in 1911 by cooling mercury with liquid helium and observing that its electrical resistance abruptly vanished below 4.2 Kelvin. Other scientists like Michael Faraday pioneered electromagnetic induction rather than zero-resistance states. This discovery eventually earned Onnes the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1913.