General Science • ChemistryHard
Which thermodynamic parameter determines whether a chemical reaction is spontaneous at constant temperature and pressure?
A. Change in enthalpy
B. Change in entropy
C. Change in Gibbs free energy✓ Correct Answer
D. Activation energy
💡 Solution & Explanation
A chemical reaction proceeds spontaneously at constant temperature and pressure if and only if the change in Gibbs free energy is negative. Enthalpy changes alone cannot predict spontaneity without considering entropy contributions. Entropy changes describe disorder variations but require combination with enthalpy via free energy equations. Activation energy dictates reaction speed rather than thermodynamic spontaneity or equilibrium position.
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