History • Ancient IndiaMedium
Consider the following statements regarding the Buddhist councils and their historical contexts: 1. The First Buddhist Council was convened at Rajagriha under the patronage of King Ajatashatru immediately following the Mahaparinirvana of the Buddha. 2. The Second Buddhist Council was held at Vaishali to resolve doctrinal disputes regarding monastic discipline and resulted in the permanent schism between Sthaviravada and Mahasanghika schools. 3. The Fourth Buddhist Council was convened in Kashmir under the patronage of Kanishka where the compilation of the Tripitaka on birch bark took place. Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only✓ Correct Answer
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
💡 Solution & Explanation
The Fourth Buddhist Council convened under Kanishka in Kashmir marked the compilation of commentaries known as Upadeshasutras and Vibhashashastras rather than the primary Tripitaka which was compiled earlier. The first two councils occurred as stated correctly establishing monastic rules and canon segregation. The split between Sthaviravada and Mahasanghika originated during the Second Council held at Vaishali over the relaxation of monastic rules by local monks. Vasumitra presided over the Fourth Council.
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