History • Medieval IndiaHard
Analyze the socio-religious movement of the Nayanmars and Alwars in medieval Tamil Nadu: 1. The Nayanmars were sixty-three Shaivite poet-saints whose devotional hymns were compiled into the twelve-volume 'Tirumurai' largely by Nambi Andar Nambi. 2. The Alwars were twelve Vaishnavite saints whose ecstatic compositions were compiled into the 'Naalayira Divya Prabandham' by Nathamuni. 3. Karaikkal Ammaiyar was among the prominent early female Nayanmar saints who rejected conventional societal norms to pursue intense spiritual devotion to Lord Shiva. Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3✓ Correct Answer
💡 Solution & Explanation
All three statements are correct and accurately reflect the Bhakti movement in medieval Tamil Nadu. The compilation of Tirumurai by Nambi Andar Nambi preserved invaluable Shaivite literature, the Nalayira Divya Prabandham consolidated Vaishnavite hymns, and Karaikkal Ammaiyar remains one of the earliest recorded female mystic poets in Indian history. This movement challenged rigid ritualism and democratized spiritual expression through vernacular Tamil poetry.
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