Indian Polity • JudiciaryHard
Analyze the scope of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in India: Which judicial development fundamentally transformed the traditional rule of locus standi before the Supreme Court and High Courts during the late 1970s and early 1980s?
A. Relaxation of the strict rule of locus standi permitting any public-spirited individual or social action group to maintain an action on behalf of marginalized persons unable to approach the court themselves
B. Establishment of mandatory mediation tribunals handling commercial insurance disputes prior to judicial filing✓ Correct Answer
C. Granting of appellate jurisdiction to District Courts over Supreme Court constitutional judgments
D. Enactment of parliamentary statutes prohibiting judicial review of executive ordinances during financial emergencies
💡 Solution & Explanation
Public Interest Litigation relaxed the traditional rule of locus standi, which allowed only an aggrieved person to approach the court, enabling public-spirited entities to seek legal redress for oppressed sections. PILs were pioneered by justices like P.N. Bhagwati and V.R. Krishna Iyer. While expanding access to justice, the Supreme Court has also laid down guidelines to prevent frivolous PIL filings.
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