History • Medieval IndiaHard
Examine the following statements concerning the socio-economic and military organization of the Vijayanagara Empire: 1. The empire was divided into provinces called Mandalam, which were further subdivided into Nadus, Kurrams, and Villages. 2. The military chieftains known as Nayakas held territory in lieu of revenue and military service, maintaining provincial order through the Nayankara system. 3. Women in Vijayanagara society were strictly secluded in harems and prohibited from participating in economic, literary, or wrestling pursuits.
A. 1 and 2 only✓ Correct Answer
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
💡 Solution & Explanation
Statements one and two are correct. Vijayanagara administrative divisions followed traditional South Indian nomenclature of Mandalam and Nadu, while the Nayankara system formed the backbone of feudal military organization. Statement three is incorrect because contemporary accounts by foreign travelers note that women in Vijayanagara participated actively in trade, administration, music, wrestling, and even military bodyguard duties. Queens and royal women held high status and patronage roles.
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