The concept of 'Procedure established by Law' in the Indian Constitution has been borrowed from the legal framework of which country?

💡 Solution & Explanation

The constitutional phrase 'Procedure established by Law' was adopted from the Japanese Constitution, signifying that a law enacted by the legislature is valid as long as the prescribed legislative procedure has been correctly followed. In contrast, the concept of 'Due Process of Law', which permits judicial review of the fairness of the law itself, originates from the legal framework of the United States. This distinction limits the scope of judicial activism in India regarding legislative enactments compared to the American model.