History • Modern IndiaMedium
Consider the following statements regarding the socio-religious reform movements in 19th-century India: 1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 and campaigned vigorously against the practice of Sati, leading to its abolition in 1829. 2. Swami Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875 and gave the clarion call 'Back to the Vedas'. 3. Jyotirao Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 to champion the rights and social upliftment of lower castes and untouchables in Maharashtra. Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3✓ Correct Answer
💡 Solution & Explanation
All three statements are historically accurate. Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the Brahmo Samaj, working alongside Lord William Bentinck to enact Regulation XVII banning Sati in 1829. Dayananda Saraswati established Arya Samaj promoting Vedic authority and education, while Jyotirao Phule established Satyashodhak Samaj to combat caste oppression and champion social justice. These reform movements laid the intellectual foundation for modern Indian nationalism.
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