With reference to the hydrological cycle and groundwater movement, which of the following geological formations serves as an impermeable confining layer that restricts the vertical flow of groundwater between aquifers?

💡 Solution & Explanation

An aquifuge is an absolutely impermeable geological formation that contains no interconnected pores and neither stores nor transmits water. An aquitard allows slow seepage of water, while an aquifer stores and yields significant quantities of groundwater. The water table marks the upper surface of the zone of saturation. Knowledge of these subsurface hydraulic units is essential for assessing regional hydrogeology and borehole yields.