In pedology, what is the term given to the soil horizon characterized by the maximum accumulation of silicate clay, iron, aluminum oxides, or organic matter leached from overlying layers?

💡 Solution & Explanation

The B horizon represents the subsoil layer where silicate clay, iron oxides, aluminum compounds, and organic matter accumulate through the process of illuviation from upper strata. The O horizon consists mostly of organic litter, whereas the A horizon is the topsoil enriched with humus.