Which independent Sultanate ruled Gujarat during the 15th and 16th centuries before its annexation by the Mughal Empire, and was founded by Zafar Khan?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Zafar Khan established the Gujarat Sultanate in 1407 by declaring independence from the collapsing Tughlaq-led Delhi Sultanate, eventually assuming the title Muzaffar Shah. The Bahmani Sultanate ruled over the Deccan region rather than Gujarat, whereas the Malwa and Khandesh Sultanates were separate neighbouring regional kingdoms. The Gujarat Sultanate attained immense commercial prosperity through ports like Cambay and Surat before falling to Akbar in the late sixteenth century.