Which of the following Megasthenes' classifications of Indian society refers to the philosophers or ascetics (Brachmanes)?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Megasthenes, the Greek ambassador in his accounts titled Indica, classified Indian society into seven distinct occupational groups, with 'Philosophoi' denoting the philosophers and ascetics who held the highest social respect. His categorization reflected external observations rather than the traditional indigenous Varna system. Other terms such as Agoranomoi or Agronomoi referred to market inspectors and agricultural officials rather than ascetics. Ancient sources and foreign accounts are standard study areas for State PSC and UPSC aspirants.