History • Modern IndiaMedium
Consider the following statements regarding the socio-religious reform movements in nineteenth-century India: 1. Raja Ram Mohan Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 and campaigned vigorously against the practice of Sati, leading to its legal prohibition in 1829. 2. Swami Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875 and gave the clarion call 'Back to the Vedas'. 3. Jyotirao Phule established the Satyashodhak Samaj in 1873 to champion the rights and social upliftment of lower castes. Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3✓ Correct Answer
💡 Solution & Explanation
All three statements are historically accurate. Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the Brahmo Samaj and played a pioneering role alongside Lord William Bentinck in abolishing Sati through Regulation XVII in 1829. Swami Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in Bombay to promote Vedic authority, and Jyotirao Phule founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in Maharashtra to fight caste oppression. These reform organizations laid the intellectual foundations for modern Indian nationalism.
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