Which of the following viceroys proposed the controversial 'Ilbert Bill' in 1883, which sought to allow Indian magistrates to try European criminal offenders?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Lord Ripon introduced the Ilbert Bill in 1883 to abolish judicial disqualification based on race, enabling Indian sessions judges and magistrates to try European offenders. Lord Lytton was known for repressive measures like the Vernacular Press Act, whereas Lord Dufferin witnessed the founding of the Indian National Congress. The fierce opposition of the European community to the Ilbert Bill catalyzed Indian nationalism and the demand for political equality.