History • Ancient IndiaHard
Consider the following statements concerning the overseas trade network of ancient Kerala during the early historic period: 1. The monsoons were scientifically harnessed by Mediterranean navigators following the discovery made by Hippalus, enabling direct sea voyages across the Arabian Sea. 2. Pepper was referred to as 'Yavaneeyaka' in ancient Sanskrit texts because its procurement was entirely monopolized by Greek and Roman merchants. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2✓ Correct Answer
D. Neither 1 nor 2
💡 Solution & Explanation
Both statements are correct as the seasonal reversal of monsoon winds discovered by Hippalus transformed Malabar maritime trade, and the immense European demand for black pepper led to its designation as Yavaneeyaka in Sanskrit literature. Roman gold coins excavated from multiple hoards in Kerala attest to the favorable trade balance enjoyed by the Chera ports. This overseas commerce integrated ancient Kerala into the wider Hellenistic and Roman economic sphere.
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