The historic 1907 session of the Indian National Congress in Surat, which resulted in a formal split between Moderates (Naram Dal) and radical nationalists (Garam Dal), was presided over by:

💡 Solution & Explanation

The 1907 Surat Session of the Indian National Congress was presided over by Dr. Rash Behari Ghosh after violent ideological clashes broke out between the Moderates (Naram Dal) and the radical nationalists (Garam Dal) over the venue and presidential choice. The convention was eventually suspended, leading to a formal organizational split that weakened the nationalist movement for several years. Other leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji presided over calmer sessions such as the landmark 1906 Calcutta session.