Geography • Physical GeographyHard
Consider the hydro-meteorological characteristics of the river basins draining the Western Ghats in Kerala: Statement I: Most west-flowing rivers exhibit a flashy discharge regime with exceptionally high peak flows during the monsoon months and sharply reduced base flows in the pre-monsoon dry season. Statement II: The steep longitudinal gradients and short catchment lengths from the Western Ghats divide to the Arabian Sea prevent the formation of extensive perennial base-flow storage in the upper reaches. Which of the following is correct?
A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I✓ Correct Answer
B. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
C. Statement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect
D. Statement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct
💡 Solution & Explanation
Both statements are correct and causally linked. The short distance between the high Western Ghats ridge and the Arabian Sea results in steep river gradients, causing rainwater to run off rapidly during intense monsoon bursts, producing flashy flood peaks. Because catchments are small and steep, groundwater storage and regulation are limited, leading to severe lean-season water deficits. This hydrology requires careful reservoir management for irrigation and drinking water supply across the state.
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