History • Medieval IndiaMedium
Analyze the features of the Vijayanagara administrative and military organization: 1. The military-feudal arrangement known as the Nayankara system granted revenue-yielding territories termed Amaram to chiefs called Nayakas in exchange for military service and troop maintenance. 2. The central treasury relied exclusively on agricultural land revenue, completely prohibiting customs duties and commercial taxes on port towns. 3. The provincial administration divided the empire into administrative units called Mandalas, which were further subdivided into Nadus, Sthalas, and Gramas. Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only✓ Correct Answer
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
💡 Solution & Explanation
The Vijayanagara Empire generated substantial wealth through extensive maritime trade, port taxation, and commercial customs duties alongside its primary agrarian revenue collected via the Nayankara system. Nayakas held amaram lands on condition of maintaining armed forces for the central ruler. Administrative devolution descended systematically from Mandalas down to village assemblies. The bustling trade across Western and Eastern coastal ports contributed heavily to imperial prosperity.
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