Consider the following statements regarding the archaeological findings at Marakkanam and Vizhinjam concerning ancient Kerala: 1. Vizhinjam served as an important southern port in the Ay kingdom territory during the Sangam age. 2. Punch-marked coins discovered in various parts of ancient Kerala indicate active monetary circulation alongside Roman currency. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Vizhinjam served as a major southern maritime trading port in the Ay kingdom territory during the Sangam age, facilitating exchange with foreign merchants. Simultaneously, punch-marked coins found across ancient Kerala sites confirm active indigenous monetary circulation that predated and accompanied Roman currency inflows. Understanding these numismatic finds helps historians map trade routes and economic organization in ancient South India.