Which medieval Malabar historical chronicle, authored in Arabic-Malayalam verse by Sheikh Zainuddin Makhdoom II, details the atrocities committed by Portuguese colonizers and the resistance offered by local Muslims and the Zamorin?

💡 Solution & Explanation

Tuhfat-ul-Mujahidin, written in the sixteenth century by Zainuddin Makhdoom II of Ponnani, is the earliest known historical work written about Kerala by a native author. It chronicles the arrival of Vasco da Gama, the aggressive commercial policies of the Portuguese, and the heroic resistance mounted by the naval forces of the Zamorin and the Kunjali Marakkars. The text serves as an invaluable primary source for medieval Malabar maritime history.